{"id":102,"date":"2022-07-13T13:18:08","date_gmt":"2022-07-13T11:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/apitoxin.sk\/?p=102"},"modified":"2022-07-13T14:09:04","modified_gmt":"2022-07-13T12:09:04","slug":"liecba-vcelim-jedom-a-studie-pre-alzheimerov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/d.r5.wbsprt.com\/apitoxin.sk\/2022\/07\/13\/liecba-vcelim-jedom-a-studie-pre-alzheimerov\/","title":{"rendered":"Lie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom a \u0161t\u00fadie pre Alzheimerov"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje nieko\u013eko \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa myln\u00fa predstavu, \u017ee demencia je spojen\u00e1 iba so starnut\u00edm. Ale v skuto\u010dnosti m\u00e1 demencia len m\u00e1lo spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho s prirodzen\u00fdm procesom starnutia. Je to vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00face, chronick\u00e9 a be\u017en\u00e9 ochorenie. Subjekt demencie je definovan\u00fd ako niekto: m\u00e1 poruchu pam\u00e4ti sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fa ak\u00fdmko\u013evek druhom kognit\u00edvnej poruchy. \u0164a\u017ekosti s myslen\u00edm alebo spracovan\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00fdch jazykov alebo zhor\u0161en\u00fd \u00fasudok s\u00fa zn\u00e1me ako kognit\u00edvna porucha. Existuj\u00fa tri hlavn\u00e9 skupiny naz\u00fdvan\u00e9: sekund\u00e1rna demencia, prim\u00e1rna degenerat\u00edvna demencia a vaskul\u00e1rna demencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alzheimerova choroba je jedn\u00fdm z najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch typov demencie, ktor\u00e1 pokr\u00fdva takmer 70 % pr\u00edpadov. Zatia\u013e \u010do vaskul\u00e1rna demencia je druh\u00fdm naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm typom demencie, ktor\u00e1 pokr\u00fdva takmer 20 % celkov\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov.<br>\u010co sa deje u pacientov s Alzheimerovou chorobou, je to; nervov\u00e9 bunky pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v mozgu sa za\u010dn\u00fa vy\u010derp\u00e1va\u0165 a to vedie k celkovej strate pam\u00e4ti. Toto ochorenie sp\u00f4sobuje nadbytok prote\u00ednov\u00fdch buniek v mozgu. Zn\u00e1me ako amyloidn\u00e9 plaky, s\u00fa zlo\u017een\u00e9 z fibr\u00edl \u2013 dlh\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien beta-amyloidn\u00e9ho prote\u00ednu.<br>\u200b<br>Vedeck\u00e1 pr\u00ed\u010dina vy\u010derpania neur\u00f3nov je st\u00e1le nejasn\u00e1, ale je potvrden\u00e9, \u017ee beta-amyloid je typ prote\u00ednu, ktor\u00fd sa nejak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom podie\u013ea na tomto procese. \u010eal\u0161ie s\u00favisiace rizikov\u00e9 faktory pre pacientov s Alzheimerovou chorobou s\u00fa dedi\u010dnos\u0165 a staroba. V nieko\u013ek\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee opakovan\u00e9 poranenia hlavy m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 aj k Alzheimerovej chorobe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00edznaky Alzheimerovej choroby<br>Ako ka\u017ed\u00e1 in\u00e1 choroba, aj Alzheimerova choroba m\u00e1 r\u00f4zne pr\u00edznaky. Pozrime sa, ako je pre pacientov \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 svoje ka\u017edodenn\u00e9 \u00falohy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Alzheimerova choroba vedie ku kr\u00e1tkodobej strate pam\u00e4ti. Pre pacientov je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 spomen\u00fa\u0165 si, \u010do sa ned\u00e1vno stalo.<\/li><li>Pre \u010dloveka trpiaceho Alzheimerovou chorobou je problematick\u00e9 vyjadrova\u0165 sa. Pri verb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cii sa stret\u00e1vame s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi \u0165a\u017ekos\u0165ami, a to kv\u00f4li hor\u0161\u00edm vok\u00e1lom. Rovnak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, v d\u00f4sledku nespr\u00e1vnej reakcie r\u00f4znych \u010dast\u00ed tela, vedie k zlej koordin\u00e1cii a pohybu.<\/li><li>Obdobie s\u00fastredenia sa ve\u013emi skr\u00e1ti. Tak\u017ee pacient s Alzheimerovou chorobou nem\u00f4\u017ee \u013eahko zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 r\u00f4zne ka\u017edodenn\u00e9 \u00falohy.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Ke\u010f sa tieto pr\u00edznaky za\u010dn\u00fa objavova\u0165, pre pacienta je mimoriadne frustruj\u00face, aby ich zvl\u00e1dal. Hoci subjekt si je dobre vedom\u00fd svojich probl\u00e9mov, ale z ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek d\u00f4vodu ich rad\u0161ej skr\u00fdva. \u010casom sa tieto pr\u00edznaky za\u010dn\u00fa zhor\u0161ova\u0165. V kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku vedie k depresii a \u00fazkosti. Pre bl\u00edzkych pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch pacienta je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 vidie\u0165, ako ich bl\u00edzky prech\u00e1dza touto sk\u00fa\u0161kou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fosfolip\u00e1za A2 z v\u010delieho jedu zlep\u0161uje patol\u00f3giu Alzheimerovej choroby pri lie\u010dbe o\u010dkovan\u00edm proti Ap bez vyvolania neuroz\u00e1palu v modeli my\u0161i 3xtg-AD<\/strong> <br>Alzheimerova choroba, ako u\u017e bolo povedan\u00e9, je jedn\u00fdm z najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch typov demencie. Jasnej\u0161ie povedan\u00e9, je charakterizovan\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1hou sp\u00f4sobenou kl\u00edrensom a produkciou amyloid-beta a tau prote\u00ednov. O\u010dkovanie dostupn\u00e9 pre amyloid-beta ur\u010dite pomohlo pri zni\u017eovan\u00ed patol\u00f3gie amyloidu-beta u r\u00f4znych experiment\u00e1lnych jedincov s AD my\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161anie akt\u00edvnej beta-amyloidnej vakc\u00edny muselo by\u0165 zastaven\u00e9 z d\u00f4vodu vzniku ak\u00fatnej meningoencefalit\u00eddy u takmer 6 % imunizovan\u00fdch pacientov. V tejto klinickej \u0161t\u00fadii bolo hlavn\u00fdm cie\u013eom ur\u010di\u0165, \u010di lie\u010dba (bvPLA2) fosfolip\u00e1zou A2 z v\u010delieho jedu, pod\u013ea pravideln\u00e9ho vzoru, bude indukova\u0165 zlep\u0161enie AD patol\u00f3gie a Tregs bez ne\u017eiaduceho podr\u00e1\u017edenia sprostredkovan\u00e9ho T-bunkami alebo nie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V prvom rade boli starostlivo sk\u00faman\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky fosfolip\u00e1zy z v\u010delieho jedu na z\u00e1palov\u00fa intr\u00faziu sp\u00f4soben\u00fa o\u010dkovan\u00edm proti amyloidu-beta. Z\u00e1palov\u00e9 kombin\u00e1cie CD3+T makrof\u00e1gov a lymfocytov n\u00e1jden\u00e9 v mieche a mozgu my\u0161\u00ed boli lie\u010den\u00e9 amyloidom-beta. Bolo zaznamenan\u00e9, \u017ee pod\u00e1vanie fosfolip\u00e1zy z v\u010delieho jedu dramaticky pomohlo pri elimin\u00e1cii z\u00e1palu centr\u00e1lneho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu po imuniz\u00e1cii Ap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pod\u00e1vanie fosfolip\u00e1zy z v\u010delieho jedu u my\u0161\u00ed s modelom AD v\u00fdznamne zv\u00fd\u0161ilo kognit\u00edvne nezrovnalosti a pr\u00edpadne zn\u00ed\u017eilo akumul\u00e1ciu Ap v mozgoch my\u0161\u00ed s modelom AD. Metabolizmus gluk\u00f3zy v mozgu bol tie\u017e sk\u00faman\u00fd pou\u017eit\u00edm pozitr\u00f3novej emisnej tomografie s 18F-2-flu\u00f3r-2-deoxy-D-gluk\u00f3zou. V\u00fdsledok uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee koncentr\u00e1cia cerebr\u00e1lnej gluk\u00f3zy bola vy\u0161\u0161ia v mozgoch my\u0161\u00ed s AD pod\u00e1van\u00fdm Ap, ktor\u00e9 tie\u017e dostali lie\u010dbu fosfolip\u00e1zou z v\u010delieho jedu, ako tie, ktor\u00e9 nedostali t\u00fato terapiu.<br>Vo svetle tejto \u0161t\u00fadie mo\u017eno dospie\u0165 k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee modul\u00e1cia popul\u00e1cie Treg prostredn\u00edctvom lie\u010dby fosfolip\u00e1zou z v\u010delieho jedu sl\u00fa\u017ei ako nov\u00fd terapeutick\u00fd pr\u00edstup na potla\u010denie rozvoja Alzheimerovej choroby v kombin\u00e1cii s o\u010dkovan\u00edm proti Ap. Taktie\u017e neboli zaznamenan\u00e9 \u017eiadne z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1palov\u00e9 reakcie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rast\u00face d\u00f4kazy nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee inflexia funkcie Treg m\u00f4\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako potenci\u00e1lny terapeutick\u00fd kan\u00e1l pre neuroprotekciu potrebn\u00fa pri r\u00f4znych neurodegenerat\u00edvnych ochoreniach. Preto lep\u0161ie pochopenie Tregs m\u00f4\u017ee nakoniec u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 v\u00fdvoj \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu \u010falej pom\u00f4c\u0165 modulova\u0165 z\u00e1palov\u00e9 reakcie zapojen\u00e9 do Alzheimerovej choroby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Neuroprotekt\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky fosfolip\u00e1zy A2 z v\u010delieho jedu v 3xtg AD my\u0161om modeli Alzheimerovej choroby<\/strong><br>AD, tie\u017e zn\u00e1ma ako Alzheimerova choroba, je chronick\u00e9 neuroz\u00e1palov\u00e9 ochorenie. CD4 (+) Foxp3 (+) Tregs (regula\u010dn\u00e9 T bunky) s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za modul\u00e1ciu r\u00f4znych z\u00e1palov\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed potla\u010den\u00edm aktiv\u00e1cie Th buniek. Na podporu tohto tvrdenia nieko\u013eko pr\u00edtomn\u00fdch d\u00f4kazov nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Tregs tie\u017e zohr\u00e1va prospe\u0161n\u00fa \u00falohu pri r\u00f4znych neurodegenerat\u00edvnych ochoreniach. Zistilo sa tie\u017e, \u017ee celkov\u00e1 popul\u00e1cia Treg buniek sa v\u00fdznamne zv\u00fd\u0161ila po o\u0161etren\u00ed fosfolip\u00e1zou A2 z v\u010delieho jedu tak in vivo, ako aj in vitro.<br>Na presk\u00famanie terapeutick\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov fosf\u00e1tu A2 z v\u010delieho jedu na subjektoch s Alzheimerovou chorobou bol bvPLA2 podan\u00fd modelov\u00fdm my\u0161iam s AD (my\u0161i 3xTg-AD). Okrem toho sa starostlivo analyzovala hladina depozitov amyloidu-beta v hipokampe, infiltr\u00e1cia CD (+) 4 T buniek, aktiv\u00e1cia mikrogli\u00ed a metabolizmus gluk\u00f3zy, aby sa presk\u00famali neuroprotekt\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky bvPLA2.<br>Bolo odvoden\u00e9, \u017ee terapia fosfolip\u00e1zou A2 z v\u010delieho jedu pomohla zlep\u0161i\u0165 kognit\u00edvne funkcie my\u0161\u00ed s modelom AD a tie\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161ila metabolizmus gluk\u00f3zy. Hodnotenie sa uskuto\u010dnilo met\u00f3dou pozitr\u00f3novej emisnej tomografie (PET) 18F-2 flu\u00f3r-2-deoxy-D-gluk\u00f3zy ([F-18] FDG). Po lie\u010dbe fosfolip\u00e1zou A2 z v\u010delieho jedu sa tie\u017e v\u00fdznamne zn\u00ed\u017eila hladina depozitu Ap v hipokampe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na vysvetlenie tohto neuroprotekt\u00edvneho \u00fa\u010dinku fosfolip\u00e1zy A2 z v\u010delieho jedu mo\u017eno poveda\u0165, \u017ee m\u00e1 siln\u00fa s\u00favislos\u0165 so zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm a mikrogli\u00e1lnou deaktiv\u00e1ciou infiltr\u00e1cie CD4 (+) T buniek. Okrem toho bol neuroprotekt\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok fosfolip\u00e1zy A2 z v\u010delieho jedu zru\u0161en\u00fd u my\u0161\u00ed zbaven\u00fdch Treg. Vykonan\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia silne nazna\u010duje, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161enie popul\u00e1cie Treg v d\u00f4sledku terapie fosfolip\u00e1zou A2 z v\u010delieho jedu m\u00f4\u017ee inhibova\u0165 rozvoj Alzheimerovej choroby u my\u0161\u00ed s modelom AD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u010del\u00ed jed zlep\u0161uje stratu pam\u00e4te vyvolan\u00fa lipopolysacharidmi t\u00fdm, \u017ee br\u00e1ni NF-Kappabovej dr\u00e1he<\/strong><br>Alzheimerova choroba je neurodegenerat\u00edvne ochorenie, ktor\u00e9 sa vyv\u00edja v d\u00f4sledku po\u0161kodenia neur\u00f3nov v mozgu. Subjekty s Alzheimerovou chorobou str\u00e1caj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 u\u010di\u0165 sa nov\u00e9 veci a tie\u017e \u010delia deklarat\u00edvnym a nedeklarat\u00edvnym probl\u00e9mom s pam\u00e4\u0165ou. Zistilo sa, \u017ee Alzheimerova choroba priamo s\u00favis\u00ed s v\u00fdvojom amyloid-beta peptidov. Vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa sa z APP (amyloidov\u00fd prekurzorov\u00fd prote\u00edn). Amyloidn\u00fd prekurzorov\u00fd prote\u00edn je dezintegrovan\u00fd na rozpustn\u00fd sAPPp (amyloidov\u00fd prekurzorov\u00fd prote\u00edn beta), C99 (karboxy-termin\u00e1lna 99 aminokyselina) a p sekret\u00e1zu; BACE1 (prote\u00edn \u0161tiepiacim enz\u00fdmom APP v mieste \u03b2. U pacientov s Alzheimerovou chorobou sa pozorovalo, \u017ee maj\u00fa ve\u013emi vysok\u00fa hladinu A\u03b2 a akumulovan\u00e9ho A\u03b2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LPS (lipopolysacharid) m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 amyloidogen\u00e9zu a spusti\u0165 neuroz\u00e1pal v neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch bunk\u00e1ch. Lipopolysacharid aktivuje z\u00e1palov\u00e9 bunky, ako s\u00fa mikroglie a astrocyty v mozgu, \u010do nakoniec vedie k rozvoju neuroz\u00e1palu. Lipopolysacharid tie\u017e vedie k hromadeniu Ap prostredn\u00edctvom zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho \u0161tiepenia APP agreg\u00e1ciou y-sekret\u00e1zy a aktiv\u00e1ciou BACE1. Jadrov\u00fd faktor kappaB m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u013eahko aktivovan\u00fd LPS, \u010do nakoniec vedie k produkcii z\u00e1palov\u00fdch g\u00e9nov, ako je tumor nekrotizuj\u00faci faktor-a, indukovate\u013en\u00e1 synt\u00e1za oxidu dusnat\u00e9ho a cyklooxygen\u00e1za-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BV (V\u010del\u00ed jed) sa u\u017e dlho pou\u017e\u00edva v r\u00f4znych \u010dastiach sveta ako tradi\u010dn\u00e1 lie\u010dba. Terapeuticky je to jedna z najlep\u0161\u00edch foriem pr\u00edrodnej lie\u010dby, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha pri \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch pr\u00edznakoch reumatizmu, artrit\u00eddy a dokonca aj rakoviny. D\u00f4vodom je, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00e1 nieko\u013eko akt\u00edvnych prvkov, ako s\u00fa peptidy, enz\u00fdmy a biog\u00e9nne am\u00edny. Vo svetle r\u00f4znych uskuto\u010dnen\u00fdch v\u00fdskumov bolo dok\u00e1zan\u00e9, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00e1 protiz\u00e1palov\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cel\u00e1 v\u00fdskumn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca bola vykonan\u00e1 s podporou N\u00e1rodnej v\u00fdskumnej nad\u00e1cie K\u00f3rey. Finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky poskytla aj vl\u00e1da K\u00f3rey. Na uskuto\u010dnenie tejto klinickej \u0161t\u00fadie bol v\u010del\u00ed jed z\u00edskan\u00fd od You-Miel Bee Venom Ltd. (K\u00f3rea). V\u010del\u00ed jed mal nasleduj\u00face zlo\u017eenie: 50 % melitt\u00edn, 3 % degranula\u010dn\u00fd peptid \u017e\u00edrnych buniek, 12 % fosfolip\u00e1za A2, 1 % lyzofosfolip\u00e1za A, 1,5 % histid\u00edn, 5 % 6-pentyl-a-pyr\u00f3nov\u00e9 lipidy, 0,5 % sekarp\u00edn, 0,1 % tertiap\u00edn, 0,1 % prokaminu, 2 % hyaluronid\u00e1zy, 3 % am\u00ednu, 5 % uh\u013eohydr\u00e1tov a 27 % \u010fal\u0161\u00edch. Zah\u0155\u0148al tie\u017e: nezn\u00e1me aminokyseliny s 99,5% \u010distotou, norepinefr\u00edn, dopam\u00edn, kyselinu fosfomonoester\u00e1zov\u00fa, invert\u00e1zu, glukozid\u00e1zu a inhib\u00edtor prote\u00e1zy. Zatia\u013e \u010do melit\u00edn bol z\u00edskan\u00fd od Sigma-Aldrich (USA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samce my\u0161\u00ed vo veku 7 a\u017e 8 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov boli z\u00edskan\u00e9 od Daehan Biolink, K\u00f3rea. Zaobch\u00e1dzalo sa s nimi pod\u013ea pokynov na starostlivos\u0165 o zvierat\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 poskytol k\u00f3rejsk\u00fd \u00farad FDA. Tie\u017e sa zabezpe\u010dilo, aby sa v\u0161etky experimenty vykon\u00e1vali v s\u00falade s usmerneniami uveden\u00fdmi v usmerneniach pre starostlivos\u0165 a pou\u017e\u00edvanie zvierat. Vyvinulo sa \u0161peci\u00e1lne \u00fasilie, aby sa zabezpe\u010dilo, \u017ee predmetn\u00e9 my\u0161i netrpia po\u010das klinick\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161ok a \u017ee sa pou\u017eije len minim\u00e1lny po\u010det my\u0161\u00ed. V\u0161etky my\u0161i boli dr\u017ean\u00e9 v \u0161peci\u00e1lnej miestnosti s automatickou regul\u00e1ciou teploty s relat\u00edvnou vlhkos\u0165ou a spr\u00e1vnym cyklom svetla do tmy. Teplota bola udr\u017eiavan\u00e1 okolo 25 stup\u0148ov Celzia, vlhkos\u0165 okolo 50% a 12 hod\u00edn svetla a 12 hod\u00edn tmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na pr\u00edpravu my\u0161\u00ed sa intraperitone\u00e1lne pod\u00e1val LPS 2,5 mg. LPS sa rozpustil a alikv\u00f3ty v purifikovanej vode sa skladovali pri teplote mrazu m\u00ednus 20 stup\u0148ov Celzia. \u010ealej boli rozdelen\u00e9 do \u0161tyroch r\u00f4znych skup\u00edn, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00e1 skupina mala 8 my\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>BV\/v\u010del\u00ed jed\/ (1,6 \u03bcg\/kg) + LPS skupina (BV 1,6)<br><\/li><li>BV \/v\u010del\u00ed jed\/ (0,8 \u03bcg\/kg) + LPS skupina (BV 0,8)<br><\/li><li>fyziologick\u00fd roztok + skupina LPS (LPS)<br><\/li><li>fyziologick\u00fd roztok + fyziologick\u00fd roztok (kontrola)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Najprv bola podan\u00e1 intraperitone\u00e1lna injekcia v\u010delieho jedu a potom i.p. injekcia kontroly (fyziologick\u00fd roztok) alebo LPS po uplynut\u00ed 30 min\u00fat. D\u00e1vka v\u010delieho jedu bola udr\u017eiavan\u00e1 na rovnakej \u00farovni ako v \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch uskuto\u010dnen\u00fdch sk\u00f4r. Tento re\u017eim bol prijat\u00fd na obdobie 7 dn\u00ed. Po tomto \u010dase sa kapacita pam\u00e4te a behavior\u00e1lny test u\u010denia hodnotili prostredn\u00edctvom r\u00f4znych testov \u2013 pas\u00edvneho vyh\u00fdbania sa a testu vodn\u00e9ho bludiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pas\u00edvny test vyh\u00fdbania je jednoduch\u00e1 met\u00f3da pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 na testovanie pam\u00e4te. Odozva pas\u00edvneho vyh\u00fdbania sa bola hodnoten\u00e1 pomocou zariadenia typu step-through, ktor\u00e9 poskytla spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Med Associates Inc, Vermont, USA. Zariadenie je \u0161peci\u00e1lne navrhnut\u00e9 zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 pozost\u00e1va z tmav\u00e9ho a osvetlen\u00e9ho priestoru. Prostredn\u00edctvom oboch t\u00fdchto met\u00f3d sa pozoroval vzorec spr\u00e1vania my\u0161\u00ed s AD. Test vo vodnom bludisku je jednou z najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00edch met\u00f3d na vykon\u00e1vanie pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho testu. \u0160peci\u00e1lne postupy na vykonanie tohto testu op\u00edsali Morris a kol. Testovanie v bludisku bolo splnen\u00e9 pomocou programu a vybavenia SMART-CS (Barcelona, \u200b\u200b\u0160panielsko). Tieto testy sa uskuto\u010dnili prv\u00fd de\u0148, tret\u00ed de\u0148 a siedmy de\u0148 klinick\u00e9ho experimentovania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je potvrden\u00e9, \u017ee neuroz\u00e1pal a akumul\u00e1cia Ap v mozgu vedie k rozvoju Alzheimerovej choroby, ktor\u00e1 nakoniec sp\u00f4sob\u00ed smr\u0165 neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch buniek. T\u00e1to \u0161t\u00fadia uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed pom\u00e1hal predch\u00e1dza\u0165 oslabeniu pam\u00e4ti vyvolan\u00e9mu LPS. V\u010del\u00ed jed tie\u017e pom\u00e1hal pri zlep\u0161ovan\u00ed neuroz\u00e1palov\u00fdch a amyloidogen\u00e9znych reakci\u00ed v mozgu sprostredkovan\u00fdch LPS. Zozbieran\u00e9 \u00fadaje uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed by sa mohol akt\u00edvne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na kontrolu sympt\u00f3mov Alzheimerovej choroby.<br>\u200b<br>\u0160tatistiky a v\u00fdsledky z\u00edskan\u00e9 z tejto klinickej \u0161t\u00fadie objasnili, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed prostredn\u00edctvom pravideln\u00e9ho d\u00e1vkovania a techniky pod\u00e1vania m\u00f4\u017ee v p\u00f4sobivej miere pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri kontrole neuroz\u00e1palov a amyloidogen\u00e9zy. Toto odvodenie bolo uroben\u00e9 pod\u013ea pozorovania potvrden\u00e9ho expresiami iNOS, COX2, IBA1 a GFAP. V\u0161etky tieto prote\u00edny boli zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 v skupin\u00e1ch s injekciou v\u010delieho jedu. \u010ealej sa zistilo, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00e1 tie\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok na zdr\u017eanlivos\u0165 aktiv\u00e1cie NF\u03baB. V\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tie\u017e pou\u017eit\u00fd ako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 lie\u010dba neuroz\u00e1palov a chor\u00f4b sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch amyloidogen\u00e9zou, ako je Alzheimerova choroba a choroba aktiv\u00e1ciou NF kapa B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zdroj:<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beevenompowder.com\/uploads\/1\/4\/0\/4\/14046449\/bee_venom_phospholipase_a2_ameliorates_alzheimer%E2%80%99s_disease_pathology_in_a%CE%B2_vaccination_treatment_without_inducing_neuro-inflammation_in_a_3xtg-ad_mouse_model.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bee venom\u00a0phospholipase A2 ameliorates Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology in A\u03b2 vaccination treatment without inducing neuro-inflammation in a 3xTg-AD mouse model<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26772975\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Neuroprotective effects of\u00a0bee venom\u00a0phospholipase A2 in the 3xTg AD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4501073\/\">Bee venom\u00a0ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced memory loss by preventing NF-kappaB pathway<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Existuje nieko\u013eko \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa myln\u00fa predstavu, \u017ee demencia je spojen\u00e1 iba so starnut\u00edm. Ale v skuto\u010dnosti m\u00e1 demencia len m\u00e1lo spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho s prirodzen\u00fdm procesom starnutia. Je to vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00face, chronick\u00e9 a be\u017en\u00e9 ochorenie. Subjekt demencie je definovan\u00fd ako niekto: m\u00e1 poruchu pam\u00e4ti sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fa ak\u00fdmko\u013evek druhom kognit\u00edvnej poruchy. \u0164a\u017ekosti s myslen\u00edm alebo spracovan\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00fdch jazykov alebo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.14 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom a \u0161t\u00fadie pre Alzheimerov - apitoxin.sk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/apitoxin.sk\/2022\/07\/13\/liecba-vcelim-jedom-a-studie-pre-alzheimerov\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom a \u0161t\u00fadie pre Alzheimerov - apitoxin.sk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Existuje nieko\u013eko \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa myln\u00fa predstavu, \u017ee demencia je spojen\u00e1 iba so starnut\u00edm. 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