{"id":167,"date":"2022-07-19T08:48:19","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T06:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/apitoxin.sk\/?p=167"},"modified":"2022-07-19T10:28:36","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T08:28:36","slug":"liecba-vcelim-jedom-pri-mikroboch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/d.r5.wbsprt.com\/apitoxin.sk\/2022\/07\/19\/liecba-vcelim-jedom-pri-mikroboch\/","title":{"rendered":"Lie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom pri mikr\u00f3boch"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co s\u00fa mikr\u00f3by?<\/strong>
S\u00fa to v\u00fdnimo\u010dne mal\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 iba cez v\u00fdkonn\u00fd mikroskop \u2013 ke\u010f\u017ee ich nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 vo\u013en\u00fdm okom. Mikr\u00f3by s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 vo vzduchu, p\u00f4de, vode a na\u0161om tele. Vo vn\u00fatri a zvonku n\u00e1\u0161ho tela s\u00fa mili\u00f3ny t\u00fdchto drobn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc.
\u200b
Nieko\u013eko mikr\u00f3bov je \u0161kodliv\u00fdch, pri\u010dom v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 pre na\u0161e celkov\u00e9 zdravie. Pri \u010fal\u0161om vysvetlen\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee dobr\u00e9 a nieko\u013eko zl\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov \u017eije v na\u0161om tele spolu a pri zab\u00edjan\u00ed t\u00fdch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch trp\u00ed aj ve\u013ek\u00e1 popul\u00e1cia zdrav\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa typy mikr\u00f3bov?
Mikr\u00f3by maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne formy \u017eivota, preto\u017ee maj\u00fa v\u00fdrazne odli\u0161n\u00e9 vlastnosti a vzh\u013ead.
Be\u017en\u00e9 typy mikr\u00f3bov s\u00fa:
– V\u00edrusy
– Protist
– Huby
– Archaea
– Bakt\u00e9rie
Na\u0161e telo je domovom takmer v\u0161etk\u00fdch vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co robia \u0161kodliv\u00e9 mikr\u00f3by?
Percento \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov je pomerne n\u00edzke a predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee existuje iba 1 % \u0161kodliv\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu napadn\u00fa\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m a sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 n\u00e1m ochorenie. Infek\u010dn\u00e9 choroby sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 mikr\u00f3bmi s\u00fa os\u00fdpky a chr\u00edpka, pri\u010dom m\u00f4\u017eu prispieva\u0165 k neinfek\u010dn\u00fdm chorob\u00e1m, ako s\u00fa: ischemick\u00e1 choroba srdca alebo nejak\u00e1 forma rakoviny. Mikr\u00f3by, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek typ ochorenia, s\u00fa zn\u00e1me ako patog\u00e9ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00fa mikr\u00f3by?
Patog\u00e9n je mikroorganizmus, ktor\u00fd nesie potenci\u00e1l sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek druh ochorenia. Infekcia je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 r\u00fdchlym n\u00e1stupom a prolifer\u00e1ciou patog\u00e9nnych mikr\u00f3bov u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotlivca. Ochorenie sa st\u00e1va prominentn\u00fdm, ke\u010f zodpovedn\u00e1 infekcia vedie k ak\u00e9muko\u013evek po\u0161kodeniu vit\u00e1lneho syst\u00e9mu alebo funkci\u00ed. Infekcia nemus\u00ed v\u017edy vies\u0165 k chorobe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako n\u00e1s ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa mikr\u00f3by?
Mikr\u00f3by vstupuj\u00fa do n\u00e1\u0161ho tela a sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa infekciu. Do n\u00e1\u0161ho syst\u00e9mu m\u00f4\u017eu vst\u00fapi\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom nasleduj\u00facich str\u00e1nok:
– Prostredn\u00edctvom ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek druhu zlomov na povrchu ko\u017ee (napr\u00edklad Clostridium tetani, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa k tetanu)
– Cez urogenit\u00e1lny trakt (napr\u00edklad Escherichia coli, ktor\u00e1 vedie k cystit\u00edde)
– Cez gastrointestin\u00e1lny trakt (\u00fastna dutina) (napr\u00edklad Vibrio cholera, ktor\u00e1 vedie k cholere)
– Cez d\u00fdchacie cesty (nos alebo \u00fasta) (napr\u00edklad v\u00edrus chr\u00edpky, ktor\u00fd vedie k chr\u00edpke)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mikr\u00f3by po vstupe do tela dosiahnu cie\u013eov\u00e9 miesto a prichytia sa k nemu, aby mohla za\u010da\u0165 infekcia. Potom sa za\u010dn\u00fa ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo mno\u017ei\u0165 a absorbova\u0165 \u017eiviny z hostite\u013ea (na\u0161e telo). Je zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 poveda\u0165, \u017ee sa vyh\u00fdbaj\u00fa \u00fatokom imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu hostite\u013ea a pre\u017eij\u00fa ich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako sa lie\u010dia \u0161kodliv\u00e9 mikr\u00f3by?
\u0160kodliv\u00fd mikr\u00f3b m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ve\u013ea \u0161kody, ak sa s n\u00edm nezaobch\u00e1dza v\u010das. D\u00f4vodom je, \u017ee sa ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo mno\u017eia a v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase m\u00f4\u017eu infikova\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fa oblas\u0165. Preto sa \u013eu\u010fom trpiacim r\u00f4znymi druhmi \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov predpisuj\u00fa siln\u00e9 lieky, ako s\u00fa antibiotik\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ale ka\u017ed\u00fd liek m\u00e1 svoje ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a jedn\u00fdm z nich je, \u017ee; spolu so \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi mikr\u00f3bmi po\u0161kodzuj\u00fa aj dobr\u00e9 alebo nevyhnutn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie. To m\u00f4\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 silu prirodzen\u00e9ho imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu tela bojova\u0165 proti vonkaj\u0161\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdm mikr\u00f3bom.
Z tohto d\u00f4vodu je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vyvin\u00fa\u0165 prirodzen\u00e9 terapeutick\u00e9 \u010dinidlo, ktor\u00e9 sa dok\u00e1\u017ee zamera\u0165 iba na \u0161kodliv\u00e9 mikr\u00f3by a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie. V\u010del\u00ed jed je jedn\u00fdm z najlep\u0161\u00edch terapeutick\u00fdch \u010dinidiel, ktor\u00e9, ak sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v spr\u00e1vnej d\u00e1vke a cykle, m\u00f4\u017eu \u00fa\u010dinne zab\u00edja\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 mikr\u00f3by.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u010del\u00ed jed (Apis Mellifera) \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 alternat\u00edva gentamic\u00ednu pre \u0161pecifick\u00e9 kmene bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed<\/strong>
Melitt\u00edn je jednou z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch zlo\u017eiek v\u010delieho jedu a je ur\u010dite akt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00ed proti grampozit\u00edvnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m ako gramnegat\u00edvnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m. R\u00f4zne klinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie preuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00e1 viacero \u00fa\u010dinkov, ako s\u00fa protiz\u00e1palov\u00e9, antiv\u00edrusov\u00e9 a antibakteri\u00e1lne \u00fa\u010dinky na r\u00f4zne typy buniek. Okrem toho m\u00e1 os\u00ed jed aj antibakteri\u00e1lne vlastnosti. Hlavn\u00fdm cie\u013eom tejto \u0161t\u00fadie bolo ur\u010di\u0165 antibakteri\u00e1lne p\u00f4sobenie v\u010delieho jedu proti grampozit\u00edvnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m a gramnegat\u00edvnym bakteri\u00e1lnym kme\u0148om.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre toto klinick\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161anie sa analyzoval antibakteri\u00e1lny mechanizmus v\u010delieho jedu proti 6-gramov\u00fdm pozit\u00edvnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m a gramnegat\u00edvnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148ali: Burkholderia pseudomallei a Burkholderia mallei, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, salmonela Typhimurium a staphylococcus aureus. 3 koncentr\u00e1cie surov\u00e9ho v\u010delieho jedu a antibiotick\u00fdch diskov (gentamic\u00edn), ako pozit\u00edvne kontroly, boli hodnoten\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom diskovej dif\u00faznej met\u00f3dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zistilo sa, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd antibakteri\u00e1lny \u00fa\u010dinok proti Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus a escherichia coli vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch 3 testovan\u00fdch koncentr\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Zistilo sa tie\u017e, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed nemal \u017eiadny pozit\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok na zost\u00e1vaj\u00face typy bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed pre \u017eiadnu z 3 testovan\u00fdch d\u00e1vok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00edskan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed br\u00e1ni rastu a pre\u017eitiu \u0161kodliv\u00fdch bakteri\u00e1lnych kme\u0148ov. V\u010del\u00ed jed mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 ako doplnkov\u00e9 terapeutick\u00e9 antimikrobi\u00e1lne \u010dinidlo proti r\u00f4znym patog\u00e9nnym bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m. V\u010deliemu jedu v\u0161ak ch\u00fdbali esenci\u00e1lne prote\u00edny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 na preuk\u00e1zanie antibakteri\u00e1lnej aktivity pre nieko\u013eko kme\u0148ov. D\u00e1 sa tie\u017e poveda\u0165, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a spr\u00e1vny molekul\u00e1rny mechanizmus, ktor\u00fd vedie k antibakteri\u00e1lnemu \u00fa\u010dinku na r\u00f4zne kmene \u0161kodliv\u00fdch bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed. Na pochopenie mechanizmu zodpovedn\u00e9ho za generovanie tohto antibakteri\u00e1lneho \u00fa\u010dinku s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5043086\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antimikrobi\u00e1lna aktivita v\u010delieho jedu a melitt\u00ednu proti Borrelia Burgdorferi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00davod
Percento infek\u010dn\u00fdch chor\u00f4b sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch zna\u010dne zv\u00fd\u0161ilo. Ale hlavn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom je, \u017ee neexistuje \u017eiadna riadna \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 lie\u010dba, dokonca ani v pr\u00edtomnosti antibiot\u00edk, ktor\u00e1 by dok\u00e1zala kontrolova\u0165 tieto infekcie. Lymsk\u00e1 boreli\u00f3za, zn\u00e1ma aj ako lymsk\u00e1 boreli\u00f3za, zasiahla r\u00f4zne \u010dasti Afriky, Eur\u00f3py a USA. Lymsk\u00e1 boreli\u00f3za je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi bakt\u00e9riami Borrelia burgdorferi, ktor\u00e9 sa zvy\u010dajne pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa prostredn\u00edctvom klie\u0161\u0165ov jele\u0148ov. Antibiotik\u00e1 ako ceftriax\u00f3n, amoxicil\u00edn a doxycykl\u00edn sa zvy\u010dajne predpisuj\u00fa na odstr\u00e1nenie bor\u00e9li\u00ed ssp, ale nie s\u00fa tak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a maj\u00fa mno\u017estvo ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzh\u013eadom na limituj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok r\u00f4znych antibiot\u00edk na boreli\u00e1lne morfol\u00f3gie sa t\u00e1to klinick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia uskuto\u010dnila s cie\u013eom pozorova\u0165 antimikrobi\u00e1lnu aktivitu v\u010delieho jedu a melit\u00ednu proti Borrelia burgdorferi. V\u010del\u00ed jed sa z\u00edskava z Apis mellifera a pre svoje pozit\u00edvne antimikrobi\u00e1lne \u00fa\u010dinky sa pou\u017e\u00edva u\u017e dlho. V tejto klinickej spr\u00e1ve sa testovali r\u00f4zne formy Borrelia burgdorferi proti v\u010del\u00edmu jedu a melitt\u00ednu a \u00fa\u010dinky sa porovn\u00e1vali s lie\u010dbou antibiotikami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na vyhodnotenie antimikrobi\u00e1lnej aktivity v\u010delieho jedu a melit\u00ednu sa pou\u017eil test SYBR Green I\/PI spolu s celkov\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edtan\u00edm \u017eiv\u00fdch buniek pre perzistentn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v stacion\u00e1rnej f\u00e1ze a log f\u00e1ze. Pripojen\u00e9 biofilmy sa sk\u00famali technikami farbenia LIVE\/DEAD a kry\u0161t\u00e1lovou fialovou. Na z\u00edskanie lep\u0161ieho obrazu o antimikrobi\u00e1lnych \u00fa\u010dinkoch melit\u00ednu a v\u010delieho jedu na bor\u00e9lie boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 met\u00f3dy at\u00f3movej sily a fluorescen\u010dnej mikroskopie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Met\u00f3da<\/strong>
Kme\u0148 Borrelia burgdorferi bol z\u00edskan\u00fd z American Type Culture Collection. Nap\u00e4t\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie sa udr\u017eiavali pri ve\u013emi n\u00edzkej pas\u00e1\u017ei izol\u00e1tov v m\u00e9diu Barbour Stoner Kelly H doplnenom 6 % kr\u00e1li\u010d\u00edm s\u00e9rom bez antibiot\u00edk v sterilnom skle a inkubovali sa pri 33 stup\u0148och Celzia s 5 % C02.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apis mellifera sa pripravila s pou\u017eit\u00edm steriln\u00e9ho 1x fosf\u00e1tov\u00e9ho tlmiv\u00e9ho fyziologick\u00e9ho roztoku s hodnotou pH 7,4 na testovanie in vitro. Melitt\u00edn extrahovan\u00fd z BV bol z\u00edskan\u00fd od Sigma, USA a potom pripraven\u00fd na testovanie pod\u013ea pokynov v\u00fdrobcu. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 antibiotik\u00e1 boli Daptomyc\u00edn, Cefoperaz\u00f3n a Doxycykl\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 boli tie\u017e z\u00edskan\u00e9 od spolo\u010dnosti Sigma a spravovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea pokynov v\u00fdrobcu. Okrem toho sa antimikrobi\u00e1lne \u010dinidl\u00e1 podrobili steriliz\u00e1cii pomocou 0,1 um filtra\u010dnej jednotky, rozdelili sa na alikv\u00f3ty a potom sa skladovali pri teplote m\u00ednus 20 stup\u0148ov Celzia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 antimikrobi\u00e1lnej lie\u010dby bola hodnoten\u00e1 na stacion\u00e1rnej a logaritmickej f\u00e1ze b. Burgdorferove spiroch\u00e9ty prostredn\u00edctvom met\u00f3dy priameho po\u010d\u00edtania a testu SYBR Green I\/PI. Experiment bol pripraven\u00fd s 1:75 zoslaben\u00edm antimikrobi\u00e1lne vytvrdenej stacion\u00e1rnej kult\u00fary, ktor\u00e1 bola umiestnen\u00e1 do m\u00e9dia bez antimikrobi\u00e1lneho \u010dinidla a potom inkubovan\u00e1 po\u010das jedn\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a pri zachovan\u00ed \u0161tandardn\u00fdch kultiva\u010dn\u00fdch podmienok. Po inkub\u00e1cii sa \u017eivotaschopnos\u0165 sk\u00famala pomocou met\u00f3dy priameho po\u010d\u00edtania a testu SYBR Green I\/PI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mikrobi\u00e1lne \u010dinidl\u00e1 boli sk\u00faman\u00e9 na autofluorescenciu, preto\u017ee v minulosti boli v teste SYBR Green I\/PI hl\u00e1sen\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s\u00favisiace s detekciou autofluorescencie r\u00f4znych \u010dinidiel. Mikrobi\u00e1lne sa umiestnili na 96-jamkov\u00fa do\u0161ti\u010dku a potom sa testovali v 100 ul m\u00e9dia BSK-H prostredn\u00edctvom testu SYBR Green I\/PI. Hodnota autofluorescencie sa potom odpo\u010d\u00edtala od experiment\u00e1lnych hodn\u00f4t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 antimikrobi\u00e1lnych \u010dinidiel na pripojen\u00fdch biofilmoch sa vypo\u010d\u00edtala po meran\u00ed biomasy pomocou kry\u0161t\u00e1lov\u00e9ho n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho farbenia po a pred antimikrobi\u00e1lnou \u00fapravou. Centrifug\u00e1cia sa uskuto\u010d\u0148ovala pri 12 000 x g pri teplote miestnosti po\u010das 5 min\u00fat. Ke\u010f sa toto o\u0161etrenie skon\u010dilo, kultiva\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00e9dium sa odstr\u00e1nilo a pripojen\u00e9 biofilmy sa o\u0161etrili 500 ul 1x PBS a potom sa zozbierali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160trukt\u00fara biofilmu Borrelia bola \u010falej vizualizovan\u00e1 po antimikrobi\u00e1lnom o\u0161etren\u00ed pomocou mikroskopie at\u00f3movej sily. M\u00e9dium BSK-H bolo pred anal\u00fdzou biofilmov oddelen\u00e9. Skenovanie sa uskuto\u010dnilo prostredn\u00edctvom zobrazovania AFM v kontaktnom re\u017eime pomocou Nanosurf Easyscan 2 AFM s pou\u017eit\u00edm sond SHOCONG. Nesk\u00f4r boli sn\u00edmky spracovan\u00e9 pomocou softv\u00e9ru Gwyddion.
Kvantitat\u00edvne v\u00fdsledky sa sk\u00famali s prihliadnut\u00edm na stredn\u00fa hodnotu r\u00f4znych hodn\u00f4t z\u00edskan\u00fdch z antimikrobi\u00e1lnej obrazovky a tie\u017e sa vykonal t-test a vykreslil sa graf pomocou softv\u00e9ru Microsoft Excel. Ka\u017ed\u00fd experiment bol nez\u00e1visle vykonan\u00fd 4-kr\u00e1t a ka\u017ed\u00fd experiment mal tri vzorky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledok<\/strong>
Pod\u013ea zisten\u00ed vykonan\u00fdch r\u00f4znymi klinick\u00fdmi technikami sa zistilo, \u017ee melitt\u00edn a cel\u00fd v\u010del\u00ed jed maj\u00fa v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vplyv na v\u0161etky morfologick\u00e9 formy Borrelia burgdorferi, preto\u017ee inhibuj\u00fa obnovu perzistentn\u00fdch a spirochet\u00e1lnych buniek, ako to bolo zrejm\u00e9 z regenera\u010dn\u00e9 kult\u00fary sk\u00faman\u00e9 v m\u00e9diu bez antimikrobi\u00e1lnych l\u00e1tok. Melittin a cel\u00fd v\u010del\u00ed jed tie\u017e pomohli zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 \u017eivotaschopnos\u0165 a po\u010det pripojen\u00fdch biofilmov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa extr\u00e9mne antibioticky odoln\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1nrom b. burgdorferi. Hodnota MIC v koncentr\u00e1cii melit\u00ednu bola v \u00faplnom s\u00falade s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi klinick\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00fadiami, ktor\u00e9 sk\u00famali \u00fa\u010dinok melit\u00ednu na b. spiroch\u00e9ty a na in\u00e9 gramnegat\u00edvne mikroorganizmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zatia\u013e \u010do porovnanie \u00fa\u010dinkov melitt\u00ednu a v\u010delieho jedu na bor\u00e9lie preuk\u00e1zalo nieko\u013eko rozdielov. Rovnako ako ultra\u0161trukt\u00farne anal\u00fdzy pomocou mikroskopie at\u00f3movej sily uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed bol \u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161\u00ed na ve\u013ekos\u0165 a morfol\u00f3giu biofilmov ako na jeho udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee reakcia biofilmov je trochu komplikovan\u00e1 a vy\u017eaduje si podrobn\u00fa \u0161t\u00fadiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rozdiel v \u00farovni \u00fa\u010dinnosti melitt\u00ednu a v\u010delieho jedu na b. Burgdorfer nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v celom v\u010delom jede s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie zlo\u017eky, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa biofilmy bor\u00e9li\u00ed. Rovnak\u00e9 zistenia boli pozorovan\u00e9 v ned\u00e1vnej klinickej \u0161t\u00fadii, ktor\u00e1 testovala extrakty st\u00e9vie na b. burgdorferi. Zistilo sa, \u017ee cel\u00fd extrakt z listov st\u00e9vie bol \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd, zatia\u013e \u010do jeho zlo\u017eka steviozid nedosiahla rovnak\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho antibiotik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tejto klinickej \u0161t\u00fadii, nepreuk\u00e1zali \u017eiadny alebo len mal\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok na pripojen\u00e9 typy biofilmu B. burgdorferi. Identick\u00e9 zistenia boli n\u00e1jden\u00e9 v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch na Staphylococcus aureus a pseudomonas aeruginous, ktor\u00e9 uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee r\u00f4zne antibiotik\u00e1 nem\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 eliminova\u0165 formu biofilmu v r\u00f4znych pr\u00edpadoch a m\u00f4\u017eu zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 jeho ve\u013ekos\u0165. V tejto klinickej \u0161t\u00fadii bol takmer rovnak\u00fd v\u00fdsledok pozorovan\u00fd pre antibiotikum doxycykl\u00edn, ktor\u00fd vedie k definit\u00edvnemu zv\u00fd\u0161eniu hmotnosti pripojenej hmoty biofilmu bor\u00e9li\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj:\u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5745474\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1ver<\/strong>
Obe vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee v\u010del\u00ed jed alebo jeho zlo\u017eky m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri kontrole a odstra\u0148ovan\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov. V\u010del\u00ed jed je dokonca \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd aj na tie mikr\u00f3by, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vysoko odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di r\u00f4znym antibiotik\u00e1m. Tieto \u0161t\u00fadie poskytuj\u00fa platformu pre lek\u00e1rskych v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov na pou\u017eitie v\u010delieho jedu na lie\u010dbu r\u00f4znych typov mikr\u00f3bov. S\u00fa v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u vzoriek a zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa r\u00f4zne zlo\u017eky v\u010delieho jedu a v\u010delieho jedu ako celku a r\u00f4zne antibiotik\u00e1. Antibiotikum, ak sa pou\u017e\u00edva, mus\u00ed by\u0165 relevantn\u00e9 pre typ mikr\u00f3bu, ktor\u00fd sa sk\u00fama. V kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku u\u013eah\u010d\u00ed zdravotn\u00edkom odporu\u010di\u0165 pacientom presn\u00fa d\u00e1vku a frekvenciu v\u010delieho jedu, ktor\u00fd sa m\u00f4\u017ee \u013eahko zbavi\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikr\u00f3bov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010co s\u00fa mikr\u00f3by?S\u00fa to v\u00fdnimo\u010dne mal\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 iba cez v\u00fdkonn\u00fd mikroskop \u2013 ke\u010f\u017ee ich nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 vo\u013en\u00fdm okom. Mikr\u00f3by s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 vo vzduchu, p\u00f4de, vode a na\u0161om tele. Vo vn\u00fatri a zvonku n\u00e1\u0161ho tela s\u00fa mili\u00f3ny t\u00fdchto drobn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc.\u200bNieko\u013eko mikr\u00f3bov je \u0161kodliv\u00fdch, pri\u010dom v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":168,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nLie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom pri mikr\u00f3boch - apitoxin.sk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/d.r5.wbsprt.com\/apitoxin.sk\/2022\/07\/19\/liecba-vcelim-jedom-pri-mikroboch\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lie\u010dba v\u010del\u00edm jedom pri mikr\u00f3boch - apitoxin.sk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u010co s\u00fa mikr\u00f3by?S\u00fa to v\u00fdnimo\u010dne mal\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 iba cez v\u00fdkonn\u00fd mikroskop \u2013 ke\u010f\u017ee ich nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 vo\u013en\u00fdm okom. 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